The Default Mode Network

Last updated: July 12, 2023
Tags: Neuroscience, Misc.

I’ve always been fascinated by the default mode network (DMN) due to its apparent role in our subjective experience of day-to-day life. I’d like to use this post to collect various interesting papers related to the DMN.

1. Unhappiness, rumination, and the DMN

This paper by Yangmei Luo et al. is titled Resting-state functional connectivity of the default mode network associated with happiness [3], and it purports to show that unhappy individuals have higher functional connectivity in the default mode network which leads to excess rumination. I’ve heard this jokingly referred to as the “thinking to depression pipeline.”

2. On an optimistic note…

This next paper, by Kathleen Garrison et al., is about the effect of a certain type of meditation on the default mode network. Its title is Meditation leads to reduced default mode network activity beyond an active task [2]. The subjects of this paper were specialists in Theraveda meditation, and they were found to experience decreased DMN activity when performing tasks as compared to the control group. Why compare brain activity during performance of a task? It seems that meditators enter a different state during rest (i.e. when not performing a task) than the general population – making resting DMN activity hard to compare.

3. Mindfulness and the DMN

Mindfulness meditation increases default mode, salience, and central executive network connectivity [1], by Benno Bremer et al., concludes that one month of mindfulness meditation leads to a sort of balance between the central executive network (a brain network related to problem solving and working memory), and the DMN.

References

[1] Bremer, Benno, Qiong Wu, María Guadalupe Mora Álvarez, Britta Karen Hölzel, Maximilian Wilhelm, Elena Hell, Ebru Ecem Tavacioglu, Alyssa Torske, and Kathrin Koch. 2022. Mindfulness Meditation Increases Default Mode, Salience, and Central Executive Network Connectivity.” Scientific Reports 12 (1): 13219. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-17325-6.
[2] Garrison, Kathleen A., Thomas A. Zeffiro, Dustin Scheinost, R. Todd Constable, and Judson A. Brewer. 2015. Meditation Leads to Reduced Default Mode Network Activity Beyond an Active Task.” Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience 15 (3): 712–20. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-015-0358-3.
[3] Luo, Yangmei, Feng Kong, Senqing Qi, Xuqun You, and Xiting Huang. 2015. Resting-state functional connectivity of the default mode network associated with happiness.” Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 11 (3): 516–24. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsv132.